PESTEL Analysis of Indias Textile Industry

PESTEL Analysis of Indias Textile Industry Introduction In analyzing the macro-environment, it is important to identify the factors that might in turn affect a number of vital variables that are likely to influence the organizations supply and demand levels and its costs. The radical and ongoing changes occurring in society create an uncertain environment and have an impact on the function of the whole organization. A number of checklists have been developed as ways of cataloguing the vast number of possible issues that might affect an industry. A PEST analysis is one of them that are merely a framework that categorizes environmental influences as political, economic, social and technological forces. Sometimes two additional factors, environmental and legal, will be added to make a PESTEL analysis, but these themes can easily be subsumed in the others. The analysis examines the impact of each of these factors (and their interplay with each other) on the business. The results can then be used to take advantage of opportunities and to make contingency plans for threats when preparing business and strategic plans. Kotler claims that PEST analysis is a useful strategic tool for understanding market growth or decline, business position, potential and direction for operations. Use whatever factors you feel are appropriate. Other variations include:- PEST analysis (STEP analysis)- Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological. PESTLE/ PESTEL analysis Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Legal, Environmental; PESTEL analysis. PESTEL analysis Political, Economic, Sociological, Technological, Environmental, Labors (Labor) related; PESTEL analysis (rare no references available). PESTLIED analysis Political, Economic, Social, Technological, Legal, International, Environmental, Demographic. STEEPLE analysis- Social/Demographic, Technological, Economic, Environmental, Political, Legal, Ethical. SLEPT analysis -Social, Legal, Economic, Political, and Technological. STEPE analysis-Social, Technical, Economic, Political, and Ecological. ETPSanalysis-Economic,Technical, Political andSocial- Scanning the business environment. Choose the acronym that most suits you or your organization. History of PESTLE Where did the term PEST or PESTLE derive? What were the origins? The term PESTLE has been used regularly in the last 10+ years and its true history is difficult to establish. The earliest know reference to tools and techniques for Scanning the Business Environment appears to be by Francis J. Aguilar (1967) who discusses ETPS a mnemonic for the four sectors of his taxonomy of the environment: Economic, Technical, Political, and Social. Shortly after its publication, Arnold Brown for the Institute of Life Insurance (in the US) reorganized it as STEP (Strategic Trend Evaluation Process) as a way to organize the results of his environmental scanning. Thereafter, this macro external environment analysis, or environmental scanning for change, was modified yet again to become a so-called STEPE analysis (the Social, Technical, Economic, Political, and Ecological taxonomies). In the 1980s, several other authors including Fahey, Narayanan, Morrison, Renfro, Boucher, Mecca and Porter included variations of the taxonomy classifications in a variety of orders: PEST, PESTLE, STEEPLE etc. Why the slightly negative connotations of PEST have proven to be more popular than STEP is not known. There is no implied order or priority in any of the formats. IMPORTANCE It is important to take into account PESTLE factors for the following main reasons Firstly, by making effective use of PESTLE analysis , you ensure that what you are doing is aligned positively with the powerful forces of change that are affecting our environment by taking advantage of change , you are much more likely to be successful than if your activities oppose it. Secondly, good use of PESTLE analysis helps you taking action that is likely to lead to failure for reasons beyond your control. Thirdly, PESTLE is useful when you start a new product or service. Use of PESTLE analysis helps you break free of assumptions and helps you quickly adapt to the realities of the new environment. ThePESTLE Analysisis often used as a generic orientation tool, finding out where an organization or product is in the context of what is happening out side that will at some point effect what is happening inside an organization. APESTLE analysisis a business measurement tool, looking at factors external to the organization.It is often used within a strategic SWOTanalysis (Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats analysis). OBJECT Any organization or industry influenced by factors as political factors, economical factors, social factors, technical factors, legal factors, and environmental factors in addition to government policies, labor factors, competitive market condition locational factors, and emerging globalization. So we have defined PESTLE analysis of textile industry. Until the economic liberalization of Indian economy, theIndia Textile Industry was primarily unorganized industry. But now the Indian textile industry is the second largest in the world-second only to China. Indian textiles also account for 38 percent of the countrys total exports and are, therefore, a very important industry. And these factors affected the textile industry as political factors are most important for this industry because lack of stability in politics. And Indian economy is largely dependent on textile manufacturing and exports. India earns around 27% of the foreign exchange from exports of textiles so economical and env ironmental factors influenced. So we have discussed on these factors and define the problems of textile industry which is suffered by these factors. TEXTILE INDUSTRY The industries in India can be broadly classified into organized and unorganiased.Textile industry is under unorganized and relatively small. There is some potential for real growth. Textile Industry is related to clothes. Until the economic liberalization of Indian economy, theIndia Textile Industry was primarily unorganized industry. The opening up of Indian economy post 1990s led to a stunning growth of this industry. India Textile Industry is one of the largest textile industries in the world. Today, Indian economy is largely dependent on textile manufacturing and exports. India earns around 27% of the foreign exchange from exports of textiles. Further, India Textile Industry contributes about 14% of the total industrial production of India. Furthermore, its contribution to the gross domestic product of India is around 3% and the numbers are steadily increasing. India Textile Industry involves around 35 million workers directly and it accounts for 21% of the total employment generated in the economy. The Indian textile industry is the second largest in the worldsecond only to China. An Indian textile also has account for 38 percent of the countrys total exports and is, therefore, a very important industry. The forecast is that textiles exports will reach USD 35 billion by the year 2000. The total Indian market for the textile machinery in 1997 (the latest year for which complete data are available) was estimated at USD 895 million. The market is projected to grow at an average annual nominal growth rate of 6 percent during the next 2 years. There are at least 20 domestic companies offering textile machinery for spinning, weaving, texturizing and finishing. The Lakshmi Group of Coimbatore has been the most successful of these companies. Lakshmis success is attributable to its longevity in the sector and its ability to offer a range of textile machinery directly or through its sister companies. Consequently, Lakshmi can meet the needs of a variety of end users. For the past two years, the market has been in a recession. As a result, market players have become very cost conscious and price sensitive. However, the future looks bright used textile machinery. This market segment is likely to grow faster than the broader market. The major factors that are likely to produce growth for this sector include A worldwide increased in demand for Indian textiles and garments. The lowering of customs duties on imported textile machinery. Reduced government restrictions on the import of the used capital goods. The reduced cost of the used equipment which makes textile manufacturing operations more viable. Reliance Industries Limited (RIL) is Indias private sector company, involved in textiles. It is headquartered in Mumbai, India and employs approximately 12,500 people. The company recorded revenues of INR1, 108,860 million (approximately $25,537 million) during the fiscal year ended March 2007, an increase of 24.4% over 2006. The U.S. market share of imported textile machinery is only approximately 3 percent. Competitors from European countries such as Germany, Switzerland and the United Kingdom have taken the lead and are concentrating on equipment for cotton spinning, weaving, carding, winding and finishing. To become more competitive, U.S. companies need to shift their focus from only offering new equipment to offering both new and used textile machinery to the Indian market. Given this type of shift in focus, it is estimated that U.S. companies could increase their share of textile machinery imports to 10 percent over the next four to five years. In addition, U.S. firms can incre ase their competitiveness by forming alliances with experienced Indian partners who are very familiar with Indian market conditions. Another strategy for increasing the competitiveness of U.S. companies in the Indian market would be to focus on marketing used textile machinery on a turn key basis, and coupling the transfer of machinery with technological transfers, training, and buy-back commitment for the Indian textiles and garments. This type of strategy is highly supported at the national and regional levels by the Government of India (GOI). MARKET PROFILE OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY The Indian textile industry is the second largest in the worldsecond only to China. Indian textiles also account for 38 percent of the countrys total exports and are, therefore, a very important industry. The forecast is that textiles exports will reach USD 35 billion by the year 2000. To sustain this growth, it is imperatives that the textile industries produce goods of high quality at reasonable prices. This means that the industry must continuously modernize its machinery. Therefore, the textile machinery industry sector has an integral role to play in the growth of Indias textile exports. Industry analysts note that textile prices are increasingly competitive worldwide as more and more developing countries enter the global textile trade. To maintain, if not increase, its global market share, the Indian textile industry must procure modern, low-cost, textile machinery so that it can produce high quality textiles and garments for export at competitive prices. It is in this context that the market for used textile machinery is viewed as very promising. Used textile machinery permits India to incorporate new technology at low cost. Here are a few important facts about Indias textile: there are approximately 1200 medium to large scale textile mills in India. Twenty percent of these mills are located in Coimbatore (Tamilnadu). India has 34 million cotton textile spindles for manufacturing cotton yarn. Cotton yarns account for 70 percent of Indias textile exports. (China has 40 million cotton spindles.) Of the Indian textile yarn exports, almost 80 percent come from coarser yarns (counts below 40s). Consequently, there is a need to upgrade the technology. For the past two years, there has been a significant slow-down in the cotton spinning segment, mainly due to the spiraling price of cotton. The domestic knitting industry is characterized by small scale units which lack adequate facilities for dyeing, processing and finishing. The industry is concentrated in Tirupura (Tamilnadu) and Ludhiana (Punjab). Tirupura produces 60 percent of the countrys total knitwear exports. Knitted garments account for almost 32 percent of all exported garments. The major players include Nahar Spinning, Arun Processors and Jersey India. Status of the Textile Machinery Industry Approximately 120 companies manufacture the complete range of textile machinery. Gross receipts for the Industry in 1997 were nearly USD 700 million. The industry employs about 150,000 workers directly and an equal number indirectly. The demand for textile machinery is mainly from end user in the cotton textiles, manmade fibers and wool units textile sectors. The industrys major problems are Inadequate design and engineering capabilities. The high cost of raw material and components. The high cost of finance. Demand constraints. Competition from foreign countries as a result of the lowering of import duties on textile machinery. The high quality of imported textile equipment. The textile machinery industry sector experienced between 7 and 8 percent nominal growth in 1997. SWOT ANALYSIS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY SWOT analysis defines all over condition of any industry or organization. This describes strength, weaknesses, opportunity, and threat of the textile industry. It contains astudy of the major internal and external factors affecting the company in the form of a SWOT analysis. Strengths: Indian Textile Industry is an Independent Self-Reliant industry. Abundant Raw Material availability that helps industry to control costs and reduces the lead-time across the operation. Availability of Low Cost and Skilled Manpower provides competitive advantage to industry. Availability of large varieties of cotton fiber and has a fast growing synthetic fiber industry. India has great advantage in Spinning Sector and has a presence in all process of operation and value chain. India is one of the largest exporters of Yarn in international market and contributes around 25% share of the global trade in Cotton Yarn. TheApparel Industryis one of largest foreign revenue contributor and holds 12% of the countrys total export. Industry has large and diversified segments that provide wide variety of products. Growing Economy and Potential Domestic and International Market. Industry has Manufacturing Flexibility that helps to increase the productivity. Weaknesses: Indian Textile Industry is highly Fragmented Industry. Industry is highly dependent on Cotton. Lower Productivity in various segments. There is Declining in Mill Segment. Lack of Technological Development that affect the productivity and other activities in whole value chain. Infrastructural Bottlenecks and Efficiency such as, Transaction Time at Ports and transportation Time. Unfavorable labor Laws. Lack of Trade Membership, which restrict to tap other potential market. Lacking to generate Economies of Scale. Higher Indirect Taxes, Power and Interest Rates. Opportunities: Growth rate of Domestic Textile Industry is 6-8% per annum. Large, Potential Domestic and International Market. Product development and Diversification to provide global needs. Exclusion of Quota Restriction leads to greater Market Development. Market is gradually shifting towards Branded Readymade Garment. Increased not reusable Income and Purchasing Power of Indian Customer open New Market Development. Emerging Retail Industry and Malls provide huge opportunities for the clothes, handiwork and other segments of the industry. Greater Investment and FDI opportunities are available. Threats: Competition from other developing countries, especially China. Continuous Quality Improvement is need of the hour as there are different demand patterns all over the world. Elimination of Quota system will lead to fluctuations in Export Demand. Threat for Traditional Market for Power loom and Handloom Products and forcing them for product diversification. Geographical Disadvantages. International labor and Environmental Laws. To balance the demand and supply. To make balance between price and quality Research Methodology In order to evaluate the PESTLE analysis of Indian textile and clothing exports, the study has analyzed the political technical, economical, social, legal, and environment factors of the textile industry. Information Sources The information has been sourced from various authentic and reliable sources like books, newspapers, trade journals and white papers, industry portals, government agencies, trade associations, and monitoring industry. To assess these factors of the industry, a preliminary interview conducted with a few industrialists. The interview sought their views and opinions chiefly respect of the pestle factors that they are facing in India. With the help of Internet sites we have found many key factors of this industry. Analysis Method Textile industry forecast and analysis is based on various macro- and microeconomic factors, sector and industry specific databases, and our in-house statistical and analytical model. This model takes into account the past and current trends in an economy, and more specifically in an industry, to bring out an objective market analysis. Our industry experts study the relationship between various industry and economic variables to ensure the required accuracy and desired check on the quality of data and information given in the report. PESTLE ANALYSIS OF TEXTILE INDUSTRY The textile industry grew out of theindustrial revolutionin the 18th Century asmass production of clothing became a majority industry. Until the economic liberalization of Indian economy, theIndia Textile Industry was primarily unorganized industry. The opening up of Indian economy post 1990s led to a stunning growth of this industry. But now Industry has influencing by many factors as political factors, economical factors, social factors, technical factors, legal factors, and environment factors. Here we will describe all those factors affected to Textile Industry. The Working Group on Textiles Jute Industry for the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-2012) has studied the major problems being faced by the textile industry. POLITICAL FACTORS The management of business enterprises and their policies are considerably influenced by the existing political systems. And India is a democratic country, there are probably problem of stability in politics. Political and Government Diversity: The reservation of production for very small companies that was imposed with an intention to help out small scale companies across the country, led substantial fragmentation that distorted the competitiveness of industry. However, most of the sectors now have been de-reserved, and major entrepreneurs and corporate are putting-in huge amount of money in establishing big facilities or in expansion of their existing plants. Secondly, the foreign investment was kept out of textile and apparel production. Now, the Government has gradually eliminated these restrictions, by bringing down import duties on capital equipment, offering foreign investors to set up manufacturing facilities in India. In recent years, India has provided a global manufacturing platform to other multi-national companies that manufactures other than textile products; it can certainly provide a base for textiles industry. And some motivating step taken by the government, other problems still sustains like various taxes and excise imbalances due to diversification into 35 states and Union Territories. However, an outline of VAT is being implemented in place of all other tax diversifications, which will clear these imbalances once it is imposed fully. But now the Indian government has introducing measures such as the national technology up gradation fund and removing the differential taxation scheme which discriminated against large units. ECONOMICAL FACTORS Economical factors such as per capita income, national income, resources mobilization, exploitation of natural resources, infrastructure development, capital formation, employment generation, and industrial development influence textile industry. Textile industry provides one of the most fundamental necessities of the people with huge value-addition at every stage of processing. Today textile sector accounts for nearly 14% of the total industrial output. Indian fabric is in demand with its ethnic, earthly colored and many textures. The textile sector accounts about 30% in the total export. This conveys that it holds potential if one is ready to innovate. The textile industry is the largest industry in terms of employment economy, expected to generate 12 million new jobs by 2010. It generates massive potential for employment in the sectors from agricultural to industrial. Employment opportunities are created when cotton is cultivated. Current Scenario Textile exports are targeted to reach $50 billion by 2010, $25 billion of which will go to the US. Other markets include UAE, UK, Germany, France, Italy, Russia, Canada, Bangladesh and Japan. The name of these countries with their background can give thousands of insights to a thinking mind. The slant cut that will be producing a readymade garment will sell at a price of 600 Indian rupees, making the value addition to be profitable by 300 %. SOCIAL FACTORS Managers and policy makers can not disregard social variables like education, knowledge, rural community norms and beliefs which are predominant in India, especially in the rural society while cultural differences are unthinkable for any international manager or even an urban Indian manager. Textile industry of India based on cotton and cotton as the agriculture product, which found in rural areas so the social responsibility of the textile industry. Social stratification plays a vital role in rural societies. TECHNOLOGICAL FACTORS Technology is considered to be one of the most important factors of textile industry. That is why the government, in its industrial policy resolutions, industrial licensing policies, MRTP and FERA regulation, and in liberalization policies, assigned great importance to sophisticated technology and technology transfer. The Working Group on Textiles Jute Industry for the 11th Five Year Plan (2007-2012) has studied the major problems being faced by the textile industry which include: Structural weaknesses in weaving and processing, Fragmented and technologically backward textile processing sector, Fragmented garment industry, Inadequate capacity of the domestic textile machinery manufacturing sector, Inadequate training facilities in textile sector. The Government has undertaken a series of progressive measures like introduction of Technology Mission on Cotton (TMC), Technology Upgradaiton (sp) fund Scheme (TUFS), Scheme for Integrated Textile Park (SITP), reduction in customs duty on import of state-of-the-art machinery, Debt Restructuring Scheme, setting up of Apparel Training and Design Centers (ATDCs), 100% Foreign Direct Investment in the textile sector under automatic route, setting up of National Institute of Fashion Technology (NIFT) etc, for upgrading and strengthening the textile sector in India. At present, the textile industry is undergoing a substantial re-orientation towards other then clothing segments of textile sector, which is commonly called as technical textiles. It is moving vertically with an average growing rate of nearly two times of textiles for clothing applications and now account for more than half of the total textile output. The processes in making technical textiles require costly machinery and skilled workers. LEGAL FACTORS Legal environment plays very vital role in textile industry. Laws relating to industrial licensing, factory administration, industrial disputes, monopoly control, and foreign exchange regulation are examples of legal business environment in India. Textile industry has suffered by legal rules as unfavorable labor laws. Government has created strong labor laws. In India, labor laws are still found to be relatively unfavorable to the trades, with companies having not more than ideal model to follow a hire and fire policy And other factors are lack of Trade Membership, which restrict to tap other potential market. And also lacking to generate Economies of Scale is another legal factor to this industry. Government has charged higher Indirect taxes, power and Interest rates. The uneven supply base also leads barriers in attaining integration between the links in supply chain. This issue creates uncontrollable, unreliable and inconsistent performance. The liberalization being carried in the 1990s also ushered in a new era for Indias textile industry. It led to the relaxation of many of the constraints previously imposed on the textile sector. Licensing was removed in the early 90`s by the Statement of Industrial Policy and the Textile Development and Regulation Order. In 1995, India signed the General Agreement of Tariffs and Trade bringing some of its policies at par with those at an international level. At present, the single biggest factor influencing the textile industry appears to be the end of the textile quota regime of quantitative import restrictions under the multi-fiber arrangement (MFA) on 1st January, 2005 under the World Trade Organization (WTO) Agreement on Textiles and Clothing. The removal of quotas, seen as an opportunity by many, including the government, is driving investment and liberalization in the textile space. India can also grab opportunities in the export market. The industry has the potential of attaining $34bn export earnings by the year 2010. The regulatory polices is helping out to enhance infrastructures of apparel parks, Specialized textile parks, EPZs and EOUs. ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS Environment protection and preservation is responsibility of the textile industry. The Government of India is committed to the preservation of ecological balance. Pollution free technology and recycling of industrial wastes and effluents has become a corporate concern now. Legislative measures have been adopted for this purpose, important legislations in this connection are- The water (preservation and control of pollution) Act, 1974 provides for the prevention and control of water pollution. The Air Act, 1981 aims at preventing, controlling, and reducing air pollution. The environment (protection) Act, 1986 ensures the protection and improvement in the quality of the environment. TEXTILE COMPANIES IN INDIA There are many textile companies in India as Reliance Textiles- Reliance Textiles is one of the major textiles Company. That is in business of fully integrated man made fiber. It has capacity of more than 6 million tones per year. Vardhaman Spinning-Vardhman deals in spinning, weaving and processing segment of the industry. It is planning to double its fabric processing capacity to 50 million meters. Welspun India is Asias largest terry towel manufacturer and fourth largest in the world. It supplies to leading global retailers, meeting 15 per cent of Wal-Marts terry towel requirements, 85 per cent of Tom Hilfiger. Alok Industries has the largest processing capacity in India and offers fully integrated facilities for yarn text rising, weaving, knitting, processing, made-ups and garments. It has initiated plans to expand capacities across all segments by investing Rs. 10 billion. Arvind Mills boasts of a wide product range in value added fabric, from fabric to garments in denim, shirting and knits. Gokaldas exports have more than 40 factories spreading in 37 locations in India, manufacturing more than 2.4 million garments per month. Other major players like Raymond, Siyaram silk mills, mahavir spinning mills etc. have also shown strong performance in the past two years. INTERPRETATION The textile industry holds significant status in the India. Textile industry provides one of the most fundamental necessities of the people. It is an independent industry, from the basic requirement of raw materials to the final products, with huge value-addition at every stage of processing The textile industry is the largest industry in terms of employment economy, expected to generate 12 million new jobs by 2010. Today textile sector accounts for nearly 14% of the total industrial output. So I have interpreted that government should take action in favors to textile industry. In India, there are two issues unemployment and standard of living. Textile industry can help in employment and raising standard of living. At this time textile industry is facing very problems due to government policies. Other problem is recession in country. The textile industry also suffered because of the high cost of raw cotton. The government had increased the minimum support price by 40 per cent in 2008-09. So government should decrease the price of row material as cotton. And should make easy labor laws. CONCLUSION We have conclude that if any industry or organization want to retain in the market then follow the government rules and regulation, social responsibility, and maintain pollution environment. In India growth rate is depend upon textile industry. Indian Textile Industry is an Independent Self-Reliant industry but government stated strong labor laws for this industry. Market is gradually shifting towards Branded Readymade Garment and has opportunity in foreign market and domestic market. So the government should be introducing measures such as the national technology up gradation fund and removing the differential taxation scheme which discriminated against large units. They have also allowed textile units to build and operate captive power plants, which should ease the power problem. Although Textiles have historically formed an important part of Indias economy. Indias cotton and silk production were among the highest in the world. Bibliography www.companiesandmarkets.com/Summary-Company-Profile/Reliance-Ind .. Having lost its Competitive Advantage, Textile Industry Faces Decline article by Author: Sanjay K Jain Joint MD, TT Textiles Limited www.oxforduniversity.com www.yatsenassociates.com www.oxlearn.com/swot www.Mindjet.com Textile Industry: Problems Faced ByIndia ByHarold Doan and Associates www.csgstrategies.com/search-pest-analysis-of-textile- industry_p24.asp www.oppapers.com//pest-analysis-indian-textile- industry-page1.html Findarticles.com/p/articles/mi_hb092/is_3_34/ai_n29024336/ REFERENCES Business Environment, Author

Impressionism and Post Impressionism

Impressionism and Post-Impressionism Eras Impressionism is the art movement that began in France in the 19th century. Claude Motet's work, Impression, sole eleven, or Impression, Sunrise, is where the name for the movement was derived. Various styles such as thin, small brush strokes, open composition, accurate depiction of light, ordinary subject matter, movement, and unusual visual angles were used in art during this time period. Impressionists broke the traditional guidelines of painting which drew a hostile reaction from the public at first.Instead of specific details their art depicted visual effects using various lord, shading, and short strokes leaving out much of the detail and capturing what was being observed at a given moment. (Impressionism, 2013) Impressionist artists were also liberated from painting only indoors by the innovation of storing paint in tubes. This technology allowed artists to pain outside which led them to create pieces that featured landscapes and were more focused on capturing natural light in their work. (Minded, 3. 20) In the sass's when Impressionism was beginning to grow in popularity, France was undergoing major changes in the political arena.Napoleon Ill had Just been defeated n a war against Prussia. During his rule France saw industrial and economic growth but certain freedoms such as press and assembly had been suppressed. Following his rule, France established the Third Republic. In the beginning there was conflict between royalists and a group referred to as The Commune, a socialist group. After five years of fighting the royalists of the Republic ultimately won by executing hundreds of The Commune in an event now known as The Bloody Week. During this time thousands of France also fled the country to places like England, Spain, and even he United States.Due to all the hostility by the opposing sides France stayed under martial law for five years. There were also religious impacts during this time period. Most notably w as the separation of the Church from the state. This legislation made the Church property of the state and required that religion be removed from schools. Additionally churches were only allowed to remain open if they held public political meetings in the evenings. Education reform was also in the works that focused increasing the availability of further education and training in technology.France in the 19th Century, 2013) Post-Impressionism immediately followed Impressionism beginning in the sass's. The actual term was first used by Roger Fry a British artist and art critic in 1910. Post-Impressionism typically refers to the time period since French painter, Dour Meant. The style of Post-Impressionism continued the use of vivid colors, thick paint application, real-life subject matter, and distinct brush strokes that were all common during Impressionism. Additionally artists also highlighted geometric forms, and used strange or uninformed colors.A foundation for quite a few 20th-c entury contemporary trends evolved because of the work of Post- Impressionist artists. (Post-Impressionism, 2013) World War II, a paramount world event was happening during the Post-Impression period. Many in France welcomed this war as a way to defeat Germany after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871. Attitudes soon changed regarding the war. Soldiers grew tired and hesitant to attack. Due to the war the economy in France was devastated during this time by German invasion in major industrial areas.America was a relief for France during the war providing DOD, money, and raw materials in 1917. Following the war France was in a poor state economically and the government struggled as well. France's economy continued to struggle even after the war as they were behind in industry. Germany and Great Britain both beat France industrially regardless of the great industry and infrastructure that was in France. (France in the 20th Century, 2013) There are many similarities and a few differences b etween art during the Impressionism and Post- Impressionism Eras.Both art forms were neither realistic nor abstract, dealt with legalistic subject matter a lot of which were landscapes and the artist's uses of colors to show light sources. Additionally both periods used some of the same techniques in relation to distinct brush strokes, thick application of paint, and use of vivid and sometimes unrealistic paint colors. Even though Post-Impressionist artists carried on several of the Impressionist innovations there were also new things introduced. Post- Impressionist artist used unnatural forms and colors to portray things in the natural world while Impressionists works were more realistic.Also, Impressionist artists had sees of a concern for expression and structure than Post-Impressionist artists. (Minded, 3. 20) Post-Impressionism continued much of the work of Impressionism. The use of real subject matter, the ability to do art outdoors, and the artists approach to color selection s and applications are all examples of how Impressionism had stylistic impacts on Post-Impressionism. These similarities can be better understood by analyzing works from each era. Claude Monet was an Impressionist artist. His work, Houses of Parliament, is an oil painting that he produced in approximately 1901.In this work Monet portrays his view of the houses of Parliament across the Thames River in London from his room in the Savoy Hotel. As in most works of this time period Monet used abstract shapes, muted colors, and a distinct light source that shows the exact time of day, late afternoon, in which he completed this work. (The Houses of Parliament, 2013) In contrast to this work is Vincent van Sago's Post- Impressionist work, Irises. Van Gogh completed this and many of his works from within the confines of Stain Paul-De-Mausoleum, an asylum in France. Van Gogh spent any of his days painting the gardens that surrounded the clinic.As seen in Irises, van Gogh uses bright vibrant c olors, lighting sources that resemble a bright, sunny day, and much more realistic techniques than in Motet's Houses of Parliament. (Vincent van Gogh, 2013) Houses of Parliament relates to Irises because they represent the differences between Impressionism and Post-Impressionism art styles and techniques. You can see in Irises a lot of the techniques that started during the Impressionist period but that were refined during Post-Impressionism, specifically in he detail of the brush strokes, more realistic feel, and brighter colors used in the piece.Post Impressionism influenced the art world by bringing painting into a more realistic phase and by introducing new techniques that are still used in painting today. The use of various colors to portray light sources, while beginning during Impressionism, was highly elevated during Post-Impressionism. Additionally the radical approach and independent styles used by post-impressionist artist and their resolve of pursuing exclusive artistic expression intensely influenced future groups of artists. The Met Post-Impressionism, 2013). References Impressionism. (2013). Impressionism and Post Impressionism Impressionism is the art movement that began in France in the 19th century. Claude Monet’s work, Impression, soleil levant, or Impression, Sunrise, is where the name for the movement was derived. Various styles such as thin, small brush strokes, open composition, accurate depiction of light, ordinary subject matter, movement, and unusual visual angles were used in art during this time period. Impressionists broke the traditional guidelines of painting which drew a hostile reaction from the public at first. Instead of specific details their art depicted visual effects using various colors, shading, and short strokes leaving out much of the detail and capturing what was being observed at a given moment. (Impressionism, 2013) Impressionist artists were also liberated from painting only indoors by the innovation of storing paint in tubes. This technology allowed artists to pain outside which led them to create pieces that featured landscapes and were more focused on capturing natural light in their work. (MindEdge, 3. 20) In the 1870’s when Impressionism was beginning to grow in popularity, France was undergoing major changes in the political arena. Napoleon III had just been defeated in a war against Prussia. During his rule France saw industrial and economic growth but certain freedoms such as press and assembly had been suppressed. Following his rule, France established the Third Republic. In the beginning there was conflict between royalists and a group referred to as The Commune, a socialist group. After five years of fighting the royalists of the Republic ultimately won by executing hundreds of The Commune in an event now known as The Bloody Week. During this time thousands of France also fled the country to places like England, Spain, and even the United States. Due to all the hostility by the opposing sides France stayed under martial law for five years. There were also religious impacts during this time period. Most notably was the separation of the Church from the state. This legislation made the Church property of the state and required that religion be removed from schools. Additionally churches were only allowed to remain open if they held public political meetings in the evenings. Education reform was also in the works that focused increasing the availability of further education and training in technology. (France in the 19th Century, 2013) Post-Impressionism immediately followed Impressionism beginning in the 1890’s. The actual term was first used by Roger Fry a British artist and art critic in 1910. Post-Impressionism typically refers to the time period since French painter, Edourd Manet. The style of Post-Impressionism continued the use of vivid colors, thick paint application, real-life subject matter, and distinct brush strokes that were all common during Impressionism. Additionally artists also highlighted geometric forms, and used strange or uninformed colors. A foundation for quite a few 20th-century contemporary trends evolved because of the work of Post-Impressionist artists. (Post-Impressionism, 2013) World War II, a paramount world event was happening during the Post-Impression period. Many in France welcomed this war as a way to defeat Germany after the Franco-Prussian War in 1871. Attitudes soon changed regarding the war. Soldiers grew tired and hesitant to attack. Due to the war the economy in France was devastated during this time by German invasion in major industrial areas. America was a relief for France during the war providing food, money, and raw materials in 1917. Following the war France was in a poor state economically and the government struggled as well. France’s economy continued to struggle even after the war as they were behind in industry. Germany and Great Britain both beat France industrially regardless of the great industry and infrastructure that was in France. (France in the 20th Century, 2013) There are many similarities and a few differences between art during the Impressionism and Post-Impressionism Eras. Both art forms were neither realistic nor abstract, dealt with realistic subject matter a lot of which were landscapes and the artist’s uses of colors to show light sources. Additionally both periods used some of the same techniques in relation to distinct brush strokes, thick application of paint, and use of vivid and sometimes unrealistic paint colors. Even though Post-Impressionist artists carried on several of the Impressionist innovations there were also new things introduced. Post-Impressionist artist used unnatural forms and colors to portray things in the natural world while Impressionists works were more realistic. Also, Impressionist artists had less of a concern for expression and structure than Post-Impressionist artists. (MindEdge, 3. 20) Post-Impressionism continued much of the work of Impressionism. The use of real subject matter, the ability to do art outdoors, and the artists approach to color selections and applications are all examples of how Impressionism had stylistic impacts on Post-Impressionism. These similarities can be better understood by analyzing works from each era. Claude Monet was an Impressionist artist. His work, Houses of Parliament, is an oil painting that he produced in approximately 1901. In this work Monet portrays his view of the houses of Parliament across the Thames River in London from his room in the Savoy Hotel. As in most works of this time period Monet used abstract shapes, muted colors, and a distinct light source that shows the exact time of day, late afternoon, in which he completed this work. (The Houses of Parliament, 2013) In contrast to this work is Vincent van Gogh’s Post-Impressionist work, Irises. Van Gogh completed this and many of his works from within the confines of Stain Paul-de-Mausole, an asylum in France. Van Gogh spent many of his days painting the gardens that surrounded the clinic. As seen in Irises, van Gogh uses bright vibrant colors, lighting sources that resemble a bright, sunny day, and much more realistic techniques than in Monet’s Houses of Parliament. (Vincent van Gogh, 2013) Houses of Parliament relates to Irises because they represent the differences between Impressionism and Post-Impressionism art styles and techniques. You can see in Irises a lot of the techniques that started during the Impressionist period but that were refined during Post-Impressionism, specifically in the detail of the brush strokes, more realistic feel, and brighter colors used in the piece. Post Impressionism influenced the art world by bringing painting into a more realistic phase and by introducing new techniques that are still used in painting today. The use of various colors to portray light sources, while beginning during Impressionism, was highly elevated during Post-Impressionism. Additionally the radical approach and independent styles used by post-impressionist artist and their resolve of pursuing exclusive artistic expression intensely influenced future groups of artists. (The Met Post-Impressionism, 2013).

Reported Hype on Intercultural Interview Concept Essay Samples Revealed

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Concept papers give an in-depth analysis of a topic that is valuable to the writer. The Ultimate Intercultural Interview Concept Essay Samples Trick Besides that, you need to think of the steps about how to compose an effective one. At times it's easiest to begin at the start and compose the introduction first. To begin with, what you should do is to present the most important idea. The next thing to do is to research the idea. Intercultural Interview Concept Essay Samples Explained Needless to say, here, you'll discover a wide scope of topics and essay ideas. It's important to pay attention to the conventional pieces of an essay. It is preferable to prevent topics that are overdone. A few of the things are linked to example essays to provide you with even more inspiration. Check to confirm that the essay stays on topic from begin to finish. The interview should be run during the spring semester. It is tough to write a great essay if you aren't interested in studying a chosen subject deeply. To start with, if you're writing definition essay you want to opt for a topic which will be interesting. Whether the concept paper is with the aim of getting funding or merely for the intent of conveying information, a budget might be necessary if there are costs and resources connected to the undertaking, including hours devoted to research and data gathering. It isn't easy to turn into successful and hardly anyone is really successful but it's a noble objective to strive for. In case you have some questions, get expert assistance from WritemyEssayOnline.com. Possessing a draft is important and gifts one with the odds of making modifications to their essay each time they feel the need to. Naturally, you may use all of your imagination, but nevertheless, i t is only going to lead to wordiness. Usually, it's simpler to write about real word concepts in comparison with abstract ones. 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You may be able to pull details from the bigger list you made earlier. Even a complete paragraph may not be sufficient to share the whole sense. To begin writing your assignment you would want to run into an interesting and promising topic. Be certain your outline makes perfect sense to avoid any issues during the writing process. The Basics of Intercultural Interview Concept Essay Samples That You Will be Able to Learn From Starting Right Away To be able to have constructive communication, it's mandatory that all kinds of misunderstandings and breakdowns are completely removed from the computer system. Although culture is dynamic and changes with the more recent trends, it's important to develop a frequent communication medium. Through beliefs and norms, it has been passed from generation to generation and it has been obeyed since it is a norm. As the cultures are heterogeneous, other components aside from the national factor must be considered to comprehend the person's perception about business communication. If you've been requested to comp ose an essay explaining a notion, the most crucial task you face is deciding what things to write about. Regardless, it's much better to fulfill your vocabulary by looking for its meaning and revealing new knowledge in another kind of academic writing definition essay. In a definition essay, there are a few fundamental guidelines that you are going to have to follow. To write a great definition essay, you ought to be in a position to spell out the significance of a word, phrase, or concept. Should you do, paraphrase the offered definition to steer clear of difficulties with plagiarism. The definition has to be thorough and long. Your definition is likely to become your primary idea, thesis, and then the whole essay.

Miley Cyrus s Influence On The Media Essay - 1660 Words

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